I am 65 years old, learned a lifetime of textiles, did a lifetime of textiles, has a deep feeling of the textile. Here, I briefly recall the course of the reform of the textile trade system in our country. From this we can feel how the Central Party Committee has actively, steadily and effectively promoted the reform of the textile trade system. The foreign trade system is an important part of a country's entire economic system. In the initial stage of the deployment of the reform of the foreign trade system, the party Central Committee first of all instructed the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation to carry out the pilot project of "the responsibility system of contracting for foreign trade" as the main content within the system of foreign trade and economic cooperation. In 1990, the State Council released the second document on the reform of the foreign trade system, taking the reform of the foreign economy and trade system one step further: on the basis of perfecting the "responsibility system for foreign trade contractual management", abolishing the export subsidies for foreign trade enterprises and putting the enterprises at their own risk Profit and loss. After the reforms in these two aspects have achieved results, the Party Central Committee has extended the scope of the reform in the foreign trade system to the fields of industry, agriculture, science and technology, commerce, circulation and private enterprises. According to instructions from the Party Central Committee and State Council, MOFTEC has been piloting the import and export of manufacturing enterprises since the early 1980s. At that time, there were two forms, one was the production enterprise that had the choice of export strength directly granted by the MOFTEC for self-support import and export rights. Guangzhou Silk Linen Factory was the first textile mill in the country's textile industry to obtain import and export rights ; The other is to select a few central cities by the local textile industry authorities will be large textile enterprises together to form an industrial sector within the foreign trade companies, the implementation of foreign trade and textile industry, two departments jointly managed. In 1982, the first textiles industry in the country with the right to import and export trade company - Qingdao Textile Import and Export Company (hereinafter referred to Green Spinning Union) was formally established. Later, they also successively established such companies as Xinlianfang (Shanghai), Tianfanglian (Tianjin), Guangfanglian (Guangzhou) and Da Lianlian (Dalian) in several coastal open cities. Before and after the 1990s, especially after the circular of the State Council was issued in 1992, the number of self-supporting textile import and export enterprises increased rapidly. According to statistics, before the end of 1991, there were 82 self-owned textile enterprises (including industrial and trading companies) in the country, increasing to 302 at the end of 1992. In June 1993, after the withdrawal of the Ministry of Textile Industry, the establishment of China Textile General Assembly, I went to the General Trade and Economic Department export office director. At that time, we heard two reasons: the first one was that enterprises had the right of import and export with no quota, and the business was hard to be done. Second, all the self-employed companies had to carry the index of surrendering foreign exchange, . To complete the task, some enterprises pay a high price to buy foreign trade companies to buy quotas, not only to increase export costs, but also very complicated export procedures; and even some companies to pay the amount of foreign exchange. A few companies whined angrily: "would rather surrender self-import and export rights, do not want to buy high-priced foreign exchange delivery tasks." That year in August and September, the general leadership instructed us to carry out an in-depth investigation of cotton textile enterprises. Under the leadership of some of the leaders of the economic and trade department of the CPC Central Committee, we went to Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Qingdao, Shanghai, Wuxi and other places in two separate groups and inspected a dozen key cotton textile enterprises. From the understanding of the situation, these enterprises have gained the right to import and export, but the main products "two gauze two cloth" (cotton yarn, polyester cotton yarn, cotton fabric, polyester cotton fabric) is the implementation of active quota management products, enterprises Because there is no basis before the quota can not be allocated, can not be directly exported, the product can only be given to professional foreign trade companies. Textile bureau and textile enterprises all over the country strongly demand that the import and export rights of two gauze and cloth should be given on the basis of the original import and export rights and be allocated to the supporting quotas. After analyzing and sorting out, we made two suggestions. In the State Economic and Trade Commission, the State Development Planning Commission and the China Textile Federation December 31, 1993 to the State Council's "Opinions on the solution to the existing problems in the cotton textile industry," the report, the following: "To further reform the textile export management system, Conditions of the textile manufacturing enterprises import and export management rights ... ... choose 10 larger, the product has a good international reputation, good management, export-oriented ability to have some self-employed manufacturing or enterprise groups, as a self-supporting export of two yarns pilot ... In the distribution of textile quotas, the foreign trade administrations of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in consultation with the competent departments of textile production enterprises, consult with the competent authorities of textile production enterprises and include the manufacturing enterprises with the right to import and export into the distribution range in the same way as the foreign trade enterprises. "State Council, 1994 2 On the 26th, the document No. 13 issued by Guofa was transferred to this report. Shortly after the survey ended, I selected 34 large-scale cotton textile enterprises (groups) from all over China who declared the right to self-export of two yarn and two cloths and selected 17 enterprises through comprehensive scoring. After consulting with relevant departments of the MOFTEC, Choose 10 for pilot. On April 5, 1994, some national textile bureau and enterprise symposiums were held in Jingxi Hotel. In the afternoon, Vice Premier Li Lanqing will listen to the report. Yi Hui, director of the Foreign Trade Department under the State Economic and Trade Commission, reported to this question: "Can we increase another 3 on the basis of 10, because the comrades of the textile trade union have repeatedly been balanced and think 13 are the best?" Said: "10 is a test, 13 is also a try, then 13." This reform measures hard-won, the difficulty of promoting is also very large. From the official list of 13 pilot enterprises to the end of August of that year, all enterprises completed the formalities in only two months, but still can not sign contracts directly with foreign investors. Because of China Textile Corporation to a meeting or separate visits to tell 13 companies, only by the China Textile Corporation unified foreign contract. In late August, the MOFTEC issued a document clearly stipulating that "the self-supporting exporting enterprises export two gauze and two cloths and integrate them into a unified joint operation, which shall be coordinated and coordinated by the China National Textile Import and Export Corporation", meaning that 13 self-operated enterprises and all localities Like textile import and export companies, there is no self-supporting export of two yarn and two cloths. On the day of the receipt of the document, Wu Wenying, president of China National Textile Association, wrote to Vice Premier Li Lanqing asking that "each of the 13 enterprises independently sign and directly receive the card." Deputy Prime Minister Li made the following statement on the second day: "Since export rights have been granted, I think some problems should be managed by the MOFTEC and coordinated by the chambers of commerce." Under the direct concern of the State Council leaders, this reform has finally been taken The key step: In the fall of 1994, at the Canton Fair, 13 enterprises signed the contract of exporting two gauze and two cloths directly with foreign investors. In order to promote the self-export of two yarn, two fabrics and two cloths by 13 enterprises, a coordination meeting was set up at the exit of the Economic and Trade Department of China National Textile Federation under the initiative of Green Spinning and several enterprises. With the second batch of the third batch of cotton textile enterprises to obtain two yarn two cloth self-export rights, to 1996 a total of 34 companies (including the Green Spinning) has two yarn two cloth self-export rights. In order to prevent the possible confusion caused by long exports, decided to jointly sponsor 34 companies to set up the China Import and Export Co., Ltd. (China Textile Federation). After more than a year of deliberation and repeated consultations, in February 1998, China Textile Alliance was formally established in Shanghai. From the establishment of Green Spinning Federation to the birth of China Textile Federation, after 15 years. In the past 15 years, under the leadership and care of the State Council, with the active efforts of the China National Textile Federation, the State Economic and Trade Commission, the relevant departments of the MOFTEC and 34 large-scale cotton textile enterprises, the reform of an active quota management has been struggling This success has demonstrated the strong determination of the Party Central Committee and the State Council in reforming the foreign trade system. While promoting self-support export of two gauzes and two cloths, we conducted extensive and in-depth investigations into the passive quota allocation management system for textile exports according to the strong calls of many enterprises and the demands of the general leadership. After the establishment of China Textile Spinning Union, we put the promotion of this reform as the top priority of our work. On February 27, 1998, the State Council issued the Circular of the State Council on Deepening Reform, Adjusting the Structure and Solving the Problem of Turning Wads into Trick-off in the Textile Industry. The document stipulates: "The work of giving self-run export of two yarn and two cloths to the textile industry enterprises shall be shifted from a pilot to a normal one Approval ... Textile quotas of export quotas should be devoted to textile export-oriented manufacturing enterprises.In 1998, from the United States and Europe, the total amount of textile exports passive quotas arranged more than 15% (all categories are arranged a certain percentage) directly assigned to textile exports Manufacturers ... "The decision of the State Council is like a timely rain, to many textile self-employed sent nectar. After receiving the documents from the State Council, all the comrades worked hard to learn quickly and quickly mastered the basic knowledge of passive quotas for textiles and relevant management measures and immediately organized enterprises to make quota declarations. Author brief introduction Wang Lie SASAC retired cadres Retired cadres, former State Textile Industry Bureau, deputy director of the Department of Industry Management, Professor level senior engineer.
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