Ions are charged atoms (or groups of atoms), positively charged ions are called cations, and negatively charged ions are called anions. Generally, the ion size is not considered, and it is only considered when it is coordinated; the unit of measurement is angstrom, which is a smaller unit of atomic structure than nanometer.

Ions are formed by electron transfer through chemical reactions. Their properties depend on what ions and the charge price are charged. They have little to do with the size of ions and have no nano-effect. It is usually present in the form of an aqueous solution. Colorless and transparent, without any solid particles, stable in state.

Silver ions are silver in which silver atoms lose more than one electron. It means that silver exists in an ionic state, usually positively charged. Such as Ag+1, Ag2+, Ag3+, and the like. Silver ion pharmaceutical products have been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia in the past century, such as silver nitrate solution.

Silver ions have different oxidation activities with different valence positions. The +2, +3 silver ions have high oxidizability. The oxidation-reduction potential of Ag+ is determined by voltammetry (±0.798 ev, 25 °C), while Ag2+ has higher oxidation. Reduction potential (± 0.102 ev, 25 ° C). The effectiveness of high-priced silver ions is 300 to 17,000 times that of metallic silver or silver salts. Since the high-valent silver ion has a very high reduction potential, it is also called active silver ion.

Therefore, in terms of "silver ion", it is characterized by:

1. Silver ions are positively charged "cations" formed by electron transfer by chemical reactions;

2. The application of silver ions depends on the properties of the ions themselves and the charge price, regardless of the ion size, and there is no nano effect;

3. Silver ions are present in the form of an aqueous solution. Colorless and transparent, without any solid particles;

4. Silver ion medical products have been included in the National Pharmacopoeia as early as the last century, such as: silver nitrate solution.

Antibacterial effect of silver ions

Silver is one of the trace elements in human tissues. Trace amounts of silver are harmless to the human body. WHO stipulates that the safety value of silver to human body is 0.05ppm or less, and the limit of silver ion in drinking water is 0.05mg/l.

The antibacterial mechanism of silver is metal ion action and photocatalysis. Mr. Zhang Wenzhao once said that the chemical structure of silver determines that silver has a high catalytic ability, and the high oxidation state of silver has a high reduction potential, which is enough to generate atomic oxygen in its surrounding space. Atomic oxygen has strong oxidizing properties and can be sterilized. Ag+ can strongly attract sulfhydryl groups (-SH) on proteases in bacteria, and bind them quickly to inactivate proteases, leading to bacterial death. When the bacteria are killed by Ag+, Ag+ is released from the corpses of the bacteria, and then contacted with other colonies, and the above process is repeated, which is also the reason for the persistence of silver sterilization. It has been determined that when the water contains Ag+ of 0.01 mg/1, it can completely kill the large bacilli in the water, and can maintain a new flora for up to 90 days.

The nano silver particles can identify the flora well in the sterilization process, and can well maintain the living environment of the beneficial bacteria group, and have no destructive effect on the normal flora and normal cells in the human body, and do not damage the human immune system. Therefore, nano silver does not have any toxic and irritating effects on the human body.

From ancient times to the present, from the emperor to the emperor, down to the ordinary people, they regard jade as a sacred auspicious thing. In addition to its rare and precious, it is also believed that jade has a magical health effect on the human body.

Ancient medicine classics such as "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" and "Compendium of Materia Medica" all record jade: "In addition to heat, relieve irritability, moisten heart and lungs, help the throat, nourish the hair, raise the five internal organs, soothe the soul, bury the blood, clear the eyes and ears" And other effects; also recorded: "Long service to withstand the cold, not hungry, not old into a fairy." These propaganda made the emperor at that time want to eat jade for the sake of immortality, called "Jade Food."

According to the theory of "head cool foot temperature" of Chinese medicine, modern clinical medicine has proved that jade pillow has different degrees of curative effect on treating hypertension, neurological headache and cerebrovascular disease.

The calm, soothing and rejuvenating effects of jade are reflected in the beauty secrets of Empress Dowager Cixi. They use jade sticks to rub, rub and squeeze on the face. The medical explanation is that the massage of the cool jade can calm the facial nerves and shrink the facial pores. Promote facial blood circulation, of course, the effect will be good.

From the analysis of modern biology, physics, chemical medicine and other fields, the results show that: jade itself is the most abundant gas storage, equivalent to a large magnetic field, often wearing jade jewelry or jade pieces in the room, can improve the human microcirculation, Promote the acceleration of metabolism, active cell tissue, thereby enhancing human immunity, and achieve the role of disease prevention and fitness.

The health effect of silver: silver has a bactericidal effect, it is not easy to ferment and acidify with silver tableware; silver compound can cure burn wounds and wounds;

Silver chopsticks detect sulphur-containing poisons in food.

No one knows when humans discovered metallic silver, but our ancestors long knew that this metal has magical purification capabilities: Cyrus the Great, the Persian king 2500 years ago, ordered all its troops to use silver cans. Water, because the water that the silverware has let go is cleaner than other containers. In ancient Rome, silver nitrate was used as a medicine, and the Pharmacopoeia of the Ancient Roman Press in BC was related. In AD 78, Pliny the Elder described the characteristics of silver in his book Nature History: "There is a therapeutic effect... especially in promoting wound healing."

Wealthy Romans use silver and silver cutlery on a daily basis, not only because silver is a symbol of wealth: noble families use silver spoons to feed their babies, which is thought to eliminate the disease. "At that time, people didn't know the bactericidal mechanism of silver," said A. Bart Flick, a plastic surgeon and trauma recovery specialist in Clayton, Georgia. Frick often uses silver for local wound treatment. He said: "It is obvious that silver is good for human health. It is not harmful at the time. Therefore, people regard silver as 'safe. metal.'"

Today, more than half of international airlines have used silver water filters. The water in swimming pools in many countries is also cleaned with silver. This purified water does not stimulate the swimmer's skin and eyes like chemicals. The silver silk socks produced by a company contain silver-plated fibers, which can inhibit the growth of fungi and prevent ankles and stinky feet. Another company has developed a warm water-washing toilet that uses ultra-smooth ceramics, which also contain silver, which acts as an antibacterial with the slow release of silver ions.

So why can silver be antibacterial? Silver is one of the earliest metals used by humans. Pastoralists on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China, have long noticed that horse milk, which is held in a silver bowl, will not become sour after a few days. Modern research further unveils the mystery: silver sterilization. As long as a small amount of silver is dissolved in water and becomes silver ions, it has a strong sterilization ability. Scientists have done experiments to treat 23 liters of sewage (more than 7,000 per ml of E. coli), and after 3 hours of silver electrode treatment, all E. coli died. A few gigagrams of silver can make one liter of water clean. According to the experiment, typhoid bacillus can only live for 18 hours on silver tablets, and diphtheria bacilli can only live for 3 days on silver tablets. If the skin is bruised, there is no medicine for a while, and the silverware is immediately attached to the wound to prevent infection.

In the modern pharmacopoeia, it has successively contained four silver-containing drugs, such as silver nitrate, protein silver, silver charcoal, silver sulfadiazine, for the treatment of conjunctivitis, gonorrhea, cystitis, dysentery, enteritis, burns and other diseases.